Style changes for pep-8 and python-3000 compliance.

This changes the raising of exceptions from:
  raise Exception, value
to
  raise Exception(value)

as the first form will be removed in python-3000 and the second form is
preferred now.

The changes also involve a few cases of changing from raising standard
exceptions and use our own ones.

The new version also fixes many pylint-generated warnings, especially in
ganeti-noded where I changed many methods to @staticmethod.

There is no functionality changed (barring any bugs).