config.py

#
#

# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Google Inc.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
# General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
# 02110-1301, USA.


"""Configuration management for Ganeti

This module provides the interface to the Ganeti cluster configuration.

The configuration data is stored on every node but is updated on the master
only. After each update, the master distributes the data to the other nodes.

Currently, the data storage format is JSON. YAML was slow and consuming too
much memory.

"""

import os
import random
import logging
import time

from ganeti import errors
from ganeti import locking
from ganeti import utils
from ganeti import constants
from ganeti import rpc
from ganeti import objects
from ganeti import serializer


_config_lock = locking.SharedLock()

# job id used for resource management at config upgrade time
_UPGRADE_CONFIG_JID = "jid-cfg-upgrade"


def _ValidateConfig(data):
  """Verifies that a configuration objects looks valid.

  This only verifies the version of the configuration.

  @raise errors.ConfigurationError: if the version differs from what
      we expect

  """
  if data.version != constants.CONFIG_VERSION:
    raise errors.ConfigurationError("Cluster configuration version"
                                    " mismatch, got %s instead of %s" %
                                    (data.version,
                                     constants.CONFIG_VERSION))


class TemporaryReservationManager:
  """A temporary resource reservation manager.

  This is used to reserve resources in a job, before using them, making sure
  other jobs cannot get them in the meantime.

  """
  def __init__(self):
    self._ec_reserved = {}

  def Reserved(self, resource):
    for holder_reserved in self._ec_reserved.items():
      if resource in holder_reserved:
        return True
    return False

  def Reserve(self, ec_id, resource):
    if self.Reserved(resource):
      raise errors.ReservationError("Duplicate reservation for resource: %s." %
                                    (resource))
    if ec_id not in self._ec_reserved:
      self._ec_reserved[ec_id] = set([resource])
    else:
      self._ec_reserved[ec_id].add(resource)

  def DropECReservations(self, ec_id):
    if ec_id in self._ec_reserved:
      del self._ec_reserved[ec_id]

  def GetReserved(self):
    all_reserved = set()
    for holder_reserved in self._ec_reserved.values():
      all_reserved.update(holder_reserved)
    return all_reserved

  def Generate(self, existing, generate_one_fn, ec_id):
    """Generate a new resource of this type

    """
    assert callable(generate_one_fn)

    all_elems = self.GetReserved()
    all_elems.update(existing)
    retries = 64
    while retries > 0:
      new_resource = generate_one_fn()
      if new_resource is not None and new_resource not in all_elems:
        break
    else:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Not able generate new resource"
                                      " (last tried: %s)" % new_resource)
    self.Reserve(ec_id, new_resource)
    return new_resource


class ConfigWriter:
  """The interface to the cluster configuration.

  """
  def __init__(self, cfg_file=None, offline=False):
    self.write_count = 0
    self._lock = _config_lock
    self._config_data = None
    self._offline = offline
    if cfg_file is None:
      self._cfg_file = constants.CLUSTER_CONF_FILE
    else:
      self._cfg_file = cfg_file
    self._temporary_ids = TemporaryReservationManager()
    self._temporary_drbds = {}
    self._temporary_macs = TemporaryReservationManager()
    self._temporary_secrets = TemporaryReservationManager()
    # Note: in order to prevent errors when resolving our name in
    # _DistributeConfig, we compute it here once and reuse it; it's
    # better to raise an error before starting to modify the config
    # file than after it was modified
    self._my_hostname = utils.HostInfo().name
    self._last_cluster_serial = -1
    self._OpenConfig()

  # this method needs to be static, so that we can call it on the class
  @staticmethod
  def IsCluster():
    """Check if the cluster is configured.

    """
    return os.path.exists(constants.CLUSTER_CONF_FILE)

  def _GenerateOneMAC(self):
    """Generate one mac address

    """
    prefix = self._config_data.cluster.mac_prefix
    byte1 = random.randrange(0, 256)
    byte2 = random.randrange(0, 256)
    byte3 = random.randrange(0, 256)
    mac = "%s:%02x:%02x:%02x" % (prefix, byte1, byte2, byte3)
    return mac

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GenerateMAC(self, ec_id):
    """Generate a MAC for an instance.

    This should check the current instances for duplicates.

    """
    existing = self._AllMACs()
    return self._temporary_ids.Generate(existing, self._GenerateOneMAC, ec_id)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def ReserveMAC(self, mac, ec_id):
    """Reserve a MAC for an instance.

    This only checks instances managed by this cluster, it does not
    check for potential collisions elsewhere.

    """
    all_macs = self._AllMACs()
    if mac in all_macs:
      raise errors.ReservationError("mac already in use")
    else:
      self._temporary_macs.Reserve(mac, ec_id)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GenerateDRBDSecret(self, ec_id):
    """Generate a DRBD secret.

    This checks the current disks for duplicates.

    """
    return self._temporary_secrets.Generate(self._AllDRBDSecrets(),
                                            utils.GenerateSecret,
                                            ec_id)

  def _AllLVs(self):
    """Compute the list of all LVs.

    """
    lvnames = set()
    for instance in self._config_data.instances.values():
      node_data = instance.MapLVsByNode()
      for lv_list in node_data.values():
        lvnames.update(lv_list)
    return lvnames

  def _AllIDs(self, include_temporary):
    """Compute the list of all UUIDs and names we have.

    @type include_temporary: boolean
    @param include_temporary: whether to include the _temporary_ids set
    @rtype: set
    @return: a set of IDs

    """
    existing = set()
    if include_temporary:
      existing.update(self._temporary_ids.GetReserved())
    existing.update(self._AllLVs())
    existing.update(self._config_data.instances.keys())
    existing.update(self._config_data.nodes.keys())
    existing.update([i.uuid for i in self._AllUUIDObjects() if i.uuid])
    return existing

  def _GenerateUniqueID(self, ec_id):
    """Generate an unique UUID.

    This checks the current node, instances and disk names for
    duplicates.

    @rtype: string
    @return: the unique id

    """
    existing = self._AllIDs(include_temporary=False)
    return self._temporary_ids.Generate(existing, utils.NewUUID, ec_id)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GenerateUniqueID(self, ec_id):
    """Generate an unique ID.

    This is just a wrapper over the unlocked version.

    @type ec_id: string
    @param ec_id: unique id for the job to reserve the id to

    """
    return self._GenerateUniqueID(ec_id)

  def _AllMACs(self):
    """Return all MACs present in the config.

    @rtype: list
    @return: the list of all MACs

    """
    result = []
    for instance in self._config_data.instances.values():
      for nic in instance.nics:
        result.append(nic.mac)

    return result

  def _AllDRBDSecrets(self):
    """Return all DRBD secrets present in the config.

    @rtype: list
    @return: the list of all DRBD secrets

    """
    def helper(disk, result):
      """Recursively gather secrets from this disk."""
      if disk.dev_type == constants.DT_DRBD8:
        result.append(disk.logical_id[5])
      if disk.children:
        for child in disk.children:
          helper(child, result)

    result = []
    for instance in self._config_data.instances.values():
      for disk in instance.disks:
        helper(disk, result)

    return result

  def _CheckDiskIDs(self, disk, l_ids, p_ids):
    """Compute duplicate disk IDs

    @type disk: L{objects.Disk}
    @param disk: the disk at which to start searching
    @type l_ids: list
    @param l_ids: list of current logical ids
    @type p_ids: list
    @param p_ids: list of current physical ids
    @rtype: list
    @return: a list of error messages

    """
    result = []
    if disk.logical_id is not None:
      if disk.logical_id in l_ids:
        result.append("duplicate logical id %s" % str(disk.logical_id))
      else:
        l_ids.append(disk.logical_id)
    if disk.physical_id is not None:
      if disk.physical_id in p_ids:
        result.append("duplicate physical id %s" % str(disk.physical_id))
      else:
        p_ids.append(disk.physical_id)

    if disk.children:
      for child in disk.children:
        result.extend(self._CheckDiskIDs(child, l_ids, p_ids))
    return result

  def _UnlockedVerifyConfig(self):
    """Verify function.

    @rtype: list
    @return: a list of error messages; a non-empty list signifies
        configuration errors

    """
    result = []
    seen_macs = []
    ports = {}
    data = self._config_data
    seen_lids = []
    seen_pids = []

    # global cluster checks
    if not data.cluster.enabled_hypervisors:
      result.append("enabled hypervisors list doesn't have any entries")
    invalid_hvs = set(data.cluster.enabled_hypervisors) - constants.HYPER_TYPES
    if invalid_hvs:
      result.append("enabled hypervisors contains invalid entries: %s" %
                    invalid_hvs)

    if data.cluster.master_node not in data.nodes:
      result.append("cluster has invalid primary node '%s'" %
                    data.cluster.master_node)

    # per-instance checks
    for instance_name in data.instances:
      instance = data.instances[instance_name]
      if instance.primary_node not in data.nodes:
        result.append("instance '%s' has invalid primary node '%s'" %
                      (instance_name, instance.primary_node))
      for snode in instance.secondary_nodes:
        if snode not in data.nodes:
          result.append("instance '%s' has invalid secondary node '%s'" %
                        (instance_name, snode))
      for idx, nic in enumerate(instance.nics):
        if nic.mac in seen_macs:
          result.append("instance '%s' has NIC %d mac %s duplicate" %
                        (instance_name, idx, nic.mac))
        else:
          seen_macs.append(nic.mac)

      # gather the drbd ports for duplicate checks
      for dsk in instance.disks:
        if dsk.dev_type in constants.LDS_DRBD:
          tcp_port = dsk.logical_id[2]
          if tcp_port not in ports:
            ports[tcp_port] = []
          ports[tcp_port].append((instance.name, "drbd disk %s" % dsk.iv_name))
      # gather network port reservation
      net_port = getattr(instance, "network_port", None)
      if net_port is not None:
        if net_port not in ports:
          ports[net_port] = []
        ports[net_port].append((instance.name, "network port"))

      # instance disk verify
      for idx, disk in enumerate(instance.disks):
        result.extend(["instance '%s' disk %d error: %s" %
                       (instance.name, idx, msg) for msg in disk.Verify()])
        result.extend(self._CheckDiskIDs(disk, seen_lids, seen_pids))

    # cluster-wide pool of free ports
    for free_port in data.cluster.tcpudp_port_pool:
      if free_port not in ports:
        ports[free_port] = []
      ports[free_port].append(("cluster", "port marked as free"))

    # compute tcp/udp duplicate ports
    keys = ports.keys()
    keys.sort()
    for pnum in keys:
      pdata = ports[pnum]
      if len(pdata) > 1:
        txt = utils.CommaJoin(["%s/%s" % val for val in pdata])
        result.append("tcp/udp port %s has duplicates: %s" % (pnum, txt))

    # highest used tcp port check
    if keys:
      if keys[-1] > data.cluster.highest_used_port:
        result.append("Highest used port mismatch, saved %s, computed %s" %
                      (data.cluster.highest_used_port, keys[-1]))

    if not data.nodes[data.cluster.master_node].master_candidate:
      result.append("Master node is not a master candidate")

    # master candidate checks
    mc_now, mc_max, _ = self._UnlockedGetMasterCandidateStats()
    if mc_now < mc_max:
      result.append("Not enough master candidates: actual %d, target %d" %
                    (mc_now, mc_max))

    # node checks
    for node in data.nodes.values():
      if [node.master_candidate, node.drained, node.offline].count(True) > 1:
        result.append("Node %s state is invalid: master_candidate=%s,"
                      " drain=%s, offline=%s" %
                      (node.name, node.master_candidate, node.drain,
                       node.offline))

    # drbd minors check
    _, duplicates = self._UnlockedComputeDRBDMap()
    for node, minor, instance_a, instance_b in duplicates:
      result.append("DRBD minor %d on node %s is assigned twice to instances"
                    " %s and %s" % (minor, node, instance_a, instance_b))

    # IP checks
    default_nicparams = data.cluster.nicparams[constants.PP_DEFAULT]
    ips = {}

    def _AddIpAddress(ip, name):
      ips.setdefault(ip, []).append(name)

    _AddIpAddress(data.cluster.master_ip, "cluster_ip")

    for node in data.nodes.values():
      _AddIpAddress(node.primary_ip, "node:%s/primary" % node.name)
      if node.secondary_ip != node.primary_ip:
        _AddIpAddress(node.secondary_ip, "node:%s/secondary" % node.name)

    for instance in data.instances.values():
      for idx, nic in enumerate(instance.nics):
        if nic.ip is None:
          continue

        nicparams = objects.FillDict(default_nicparams, nic.nicparams)
        nic_mode = nicparams[constants.NIC_MODE]
        nic_link = nicparams[constants.NIC_LINK]

        if nic_mode == constants.NIC_MODE_BRIDGED:
          link = "bridge:%s" % nic_link
        elif nic_mode == constants.NIC_MODE_ROUTED:
          link = "route:%s" % nic_link
        else:
          raise errors.ProgrammerError("NIC mode '%s' not handled" % nic_mode)

        _AddIpAddress("%s/%s" % (link, nic.ip),
                      "instance:%s/nic:%d" % (instance.name, idx))

    for ip, owners in ips.items():
      if len(owners) > 1:
        result.append("IP address %s is used by multiple owners: %s" %
                      (ip, utils.CommaJoin(owners)))

    return result

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def VerifyConfig(self):
    """Verify function.

    This is just a wrapper over L{_UnlockedVerifyConfig}.

    @rtype: list
    @return: a list of error messages; a non-empty list signifies
        configuration errors

    """
    return self._UnlockedVerifyConfig()

  def _UnlockedSetDiskID(self, disk, node_name):
    """Convert the unique ID to the ID needed on the target nodes.

    This is used only for drbd, which needs ip/port configuration.

    The routine descends down and updates its children also, because
    this helps when the only the top device is passed to the remote
    node.

    This function is for internal use, when the config lock is already held.

    """
    if disk.children:
      for child in disk.children:
        self._UnlockedSetDiskID(child, node_name)

    if disk.logical_id is None and disk.physical_id is not None:
      return
    if disk.dev_type == constants.LD_DRBD8:
      pnode, snode, port, pminor, sminor, secret = disk.logical_id
      if node_name not in (pnode, snode):
        raise errors.ConfigurationError("DRBD device not knowing node %s" %
                                        node_name)
      pnode_info = self._UnlockedGetNodeInfo(pnode)
      snode_info = self._UnlockedGetNodeInfo(snode)
      if pnode_info is None or snode_info is None:
        raise errors.ConfigurationError("Can't find primary or secondary node"
                                        " for %s" % str(disk))
      p_data = (pnode_info.secondary_ip, port)
      s_data = (snode_info.secondary_ip, port)
      if pnode == node_name:
        disk.physical_id = p_data + s_data + (pminor, secret)
      else: # it must be secondary, we tested above
        disk.physical_id = s_data + p_data + (sminor, secret)
    else:
      disk.physical_id = disk.logical_id
    return

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def SetDiskID(self, disk, node_name):
    """Convert the unique ID to the ID needed on the target nodes.

    This is used only for drbd, which needs ip/port configuration.

    The routine descends down and updates its children also, because
    this helps when the only the top device is passed to the remote
    node.

    """
    return self._UnlockedSetDiskID(disk, node_name)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def AddTcpUdpPort(self, port):
    """Adds a new port to the available port pool.

    """
    if not isinstance(port, int):
      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid type passed for port")

    self._config_data.cluster.tcpudp_port_pool.add(port)
    self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetPortList(self):
    """Returns a copy of the current port list.

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.tcpudp_port_pool.copy()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def AllocatePort(self):
    """Allocate a port.

    The port will be taken from the available port pool or from the
    default port range (and in this case we increase
    highest_used_port).

    """
    # If there are TCP/IP ports configured, we use them first.
    if self._config_data.cluster.tcpudp_port_pool:
      port = self._config_data.cluster.tcpudp_port_pool.pop()
    else:
      port = self._config_data.cluster.highest_used_port + 1
      if port >= constants.LAST_DRBD_PORT:
        raise errors.ConfigurationError("The highest used port is greater"
                                        " than %s. Aborting." %
                                        constants.LAST_DRBD_PORT)
      self._config_data.cluster.highest_used_port = port

    self._WriteConfig()
    return port

  def _UnlockedComputeDRBDMap(self):
    """Compute the used DRBD minor/nodes.

    @rtype: (dict, list)
    @return: dictionary of node_name: dict of minor: instance_name;
        the returned dict will have all the nodes in it (even if with
        an empty list), and a list of duplicates; if the duplicates
        list is not empty, the configuration is corrupted and its caller
        should raise an exception

    """
    def _AppendUsedPorts(instance_name, disk, used):
      duplicates = []
      if disk.dev_type == constants.LD_DRBD8 and len(disk.logical_id) >= 5:
        node_a, node_b, _, minor_a, minor_b = disk.logical_id[:5]
        for node, port in ((node_a, minor_a), (node_b, minor_b)):
          assert node in used, ("Node '%s' of instance '%s' not found"
                                " in node list" % (node, instance_name))
          if port in used[node]:
            duplicates.append((node, port, instance_name, used[node][port]))
          else:
            used[node][port] = instance_name
      if disk.children:
        for child in disk.children:
          duplicates.extend(_AppendUsedPorts(instance_name, child, used))
      return duplicates

    duplicates = []
    my_dict = dict((node, {}) for node in self._config_data.nodes)
    for instance in self._config_data.instances.itervalues():
      for disk in instance.disks:
        duplicates.extend(_AppendUsedPorts(instance.name, disk, my_dict))
    for (node, minor), instance in self._temporary_drbds.iteritems():
      if minor in my_dict[node] and my_dict[node][minor] != instance:
        duplicates.append((node, minor, instance, my_dict[node][minor]))
      else:
        my_dict[node][minor] = instance
    return my_dict, duplicates

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def ComputeDRBDMap(self):
    """Compute the used DRBD minor/nodes.

    This is just a wrapper over L{_UnlockedComputeDRBDMap}.

    @return: dictionary of node_name: dict of minor: instance_name;
        the returned dict will have all the nodes in it (even if with
        an empty list).

    """
    d_map, duplicates = self._UnlockedComputeDRBDMap()
    if duplicates:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Duplicate DRBD ports detected: %s" %
                                      str(duplicates))
    return d_map

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def AllocateDRBDMinor(self, nodes, instance):
    """Allocate a drbd minor.

    The free minor will be automatically computed from the existing
    devices. A node can be given multiple times in order to allocate
    multiple minors. The result is the list of minors, in the same
    order as the passed nodes.

    @type instance: string
    @param instance: the instance for which we allocate minors

    """
    assert isinstance(instance, basestring), \
           "Invalid argument '%s' passed to AllocateDRBDMinor" % instance

    d_map, duplicates = self._UnlockedComputeDRBDMap()
    if duplicates:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Duplicate DRBD ports detected: %s" %
                                      str(duplicates))
    result = []
    for nname in nodes:
      ndata = d_map[nname]
      if not ndata:
        # no minors used, we can start at 0
        result.append(0)
        ndata[0] = instance
        self._temporary_drbds[(nname, 0)] = instance
        continue
      keys = ndata.keys()
      keys.sort()
      ffree = utils.FirstFree(keys)
      if ffree is None:
        # return the next minor
        # TODO: implement high-limit check
        minor = keys[-1] + 1
      else:
        minor = ffree
      # double-check minor against current instances
      assert minor not in d_map[nname], \
             ("Attempt to reuse allocated DRBD minor %d on node %s,"
              " already allocated to instance %s" %
              (minor, nname, d_map[nname][minor]))
      ndata[minor] = instance
      # double-check minor against reservation
      r_key = (nname, minor)
      assert r_key not in self._temporary_drbds, \
             ("Attempt to reuse reserved DRBD minor %d on node %s,"
              " reserved for instance %s" %
              (minor, nname, self._temporary_drbds[r_key]))
      self._temporary_drbds[r_key] = instance
      result.append(minor)
    logging.debug("Request to allocate drbd minors, input: %s, returning %s",
                  nodes, result)
    return result

  def _UnlockedReleaseDRBDMinors(self, instance):
    """Release temporary drbd minors allocated for a given instance.

    @type instance: string
    @param instance: the instance for which temporary minors should be
                     released

    """
    assert isinstance(instance, basestring), \
           "Invalid argument passed to ReleaseDRBDMinors"
    for key, name in self._temporary_drbds.items():
      if name == instance:
        del self._temporary_drbds[key]

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def ReleaseDRBDMinors(self, instance):
    """Release temporary drbd minors allocated for a given instance.

    This should be called on the error paths, on the success paths
    it's automatically called by the ConfigWriter add and update
    functions.

    This function is just a wrapper over L{_UnlockedReleaseDRBDMinors}.

    @type instance: string
    @param instance: the instance for which temporary minors should be
                     released

    """
    self._UnlockedReleaseDRBDMinors(instance)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetConfigVersion(self):
    """Get the configuration version.

    @return: Config version

    """
    return self._config_data.version

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetClusterName(self):
    """Get cluster name.

    @return: Cluster name

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.cluster_name

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetMasterNode(self):
    """Get the hostname of the master node for this cluster.

    @return: Master hostname

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.master_node

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetMasterIP(self):
    """Get the IP of the master node for this cluster.

    @return: Master IP

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.master_ip

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetMasterNetdev(self):
    """Get the master network device for this cluster.

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.master_netdev

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetFileStorageDir(self):
    """Get the file storage dir for this cluster.

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.file_storage_dir

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetHypervisorType(self):
    """Get the hypervisor type for this cluster.

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.enabled_hypervisors[0]

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetHostKey(self):
    """Return the rsa hostkey from the config.

    @rtype: string
    @return: the rsa hostkey

    """
    return self._config_data.cluster.rsahostkeypub

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def AddInstance(self, instance, ec_id):
    """Add an instance to the config.

    This should be used after creating a new instance.

    @type instance: L{objects.Instance}
    @param instance: the instance object

    """
    if not isinstance(instance, objects.Instance):
      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid type passed to AddInstance")

    if instance.disk_template != constants.DT_DISKLESS:
      all_lvs = instance.MapLVsByNode()
      logging.info("Instance '%s' DISK_LAYOUT: %s", instance.name, all_lvs)

    all_macs = self._AllMACs()
    for nic in instance.nics:
      if nic.mac in all_macs:
        raise errors.ConfigurationError("Cannot add instance %s:"
                                        " MAC address '%s' already in use." %
                                        (instance.name, nic.mac))

    self._EnsureUUID(instance, ec_id)

    instance.serial_no = 1
    instance.ctime = instance.mtime = time.time()
    self._config_data.instances[instance.name] = instance
    self._config_data.cluster.serial_no += 1
    self._UnlockedReleaseDRBDMinors(instance.name)
    self._WriteConfig()

  def _EnsureUUID(self, item, ec_id):
    """Ensures a given object has a valid UUID.

    @param item: the instance or node to be checked
    @param ec_id: the execution context id for the uuid reservation

    """
    if not item.uuid:
      item.uuid = self._GenerateUniqueID(ec_id)
    elif item.uuid in self._AllIDs(include_temporary=True):
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Cannot add '%s': UUID %s already"
                                      " in use" % (item.name, item.uuid))

  def _SetInstanceStatus(self, instance_name, status):
    """Set the instance's status to a given value.

    """
    assert isinstance(status, bool), \
           "Invalid status '%s' passed to SetInstanceStatus" % (status,)

    if instance_name not in self._config_data.instances:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Unknown instance '%s'" %
                                      instance_name)
    instance = self._config_data.instances[instance_name]
    if instance.admin_up != status:
      instance.admin_up = status
      instance.serial_no += 1
      instance.mtime = time.time()
      self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def MarkInstanceUp(self, instance_name):
    """Mark the instance status to up in the config.

    """
    self._SetInstanceStatus(instance_name, True)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def RemoveInstance(self, instance_name):
    """Remove the instance from the configuration.

    """
    if instance_name not in self._config_data.instances:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Unknown instance '%s'" % instance_name)
    del self._config_data.instances[instance_name]
    self._config_data.cluster.serial_no += 1
    self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def RenameInstance(self, old_name, new_name):
    """Rename an instance.

    This needs to be done in ConfigWriter and not by RemoveInstance
    combined with AddInstance as only we can guarantee an atomic
    rename.

    """
    if old_name not in self._config_data.instances:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Unknown instance '%s'" % old_name)
    inst = self._config_data.instances[old_name]
    del self._config_data.instances[old_name]
    inst.name = new_name

    for disk in inst.disks:
      if disk.dev_type == constants.LD_FILE:
        # rename the file paths in logical and physical id
        file_storage_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(disk.logical_id[1]))
        disk.physical_id = disk.logical_id = (disk.logical_id[0],
                                              os.path.join(file_storage_dir,
                                                           inst.name,
                                                           disk.iv_name))

    self._config_data.instances[inst.name] = inst
    self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def MarkInstanceDown(self, instance_name):
    """Mark the status of an instance to down in the configuration.

    """
    self._SetInstanceStatus(instance_name, False)

  def _UnlockedGetInstanceList(self):
    """Get the list of instances.

    This function is for internal use, when the config lock is already held.

    """
    return self._config_data.instances.keys()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetInstanceList(self):
    """Get the list of instances.

    @return: array of instances, ex. ['instance2.example.com',
        'instance1.example.com']

    """
    return self._UnlockedGetInstanceList()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def ExpandInstanceName(self, short_name):
    """Attempt to expand an incomplete instance name.

    """
    return utils.MatchNameComponent(short_name,
                                    self._config_data.instances.keys(),
                                    case_sensitive=False)

  def _UnlockedGetInstanceInfo(self, instance_name):
    """Returns information about an instance.

    This function is for internal use, when the config lock is already held.

    """
    if instance_name not in self._config_data.instances:
      return None

    return self._config_data.instances[instance_name]

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetInstanceInfo(self, instance_name):
    """Returns information about an instance.

    It takes the information from the configuration file. Other information of
    an instance are taken from the live systems.

    @param instance_name: name of the instance, e.g.
        I{instance1.example.com}

    @rtype: L{objects.Instance}
    @return: the instance object

    """
    return self._UnlockedGetInstanceInfo(instance_name)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetAllInstancesInfo(self):
    """Get the configuration of all instances.

    @rtype: dict
    @return: dict of (instance, instance_info), where instance_info is what
              would GetInstanceInfo return for the node

    """
    my_dict = dict([(instance, self._UnlockedGetInstanceInfo(instance))
                    for instance in self._UnlockedGetInstanceList()])
    return my_dict

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def AddNode(self, node, ec_id):
    """Add a node to the configuration.

    @type node: L{objects.Node}
    @param node: a Node instance

    """
    logging.info("Adding node %s to configuration", node.name)

    self._EnsureUUID(node, ec_id)

    node.serial_no = 1
    node.ctime = node.mtime = time.time()
    self._config_data.nodes[node.name] = node
    self._config_data.cluster.serial_no += 1
    self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def RemoveNode(self, node_name):
    """Remove a node from the configuration.

    """
    logging.info("Removing node %s from configuration", node_name)

    if node_name not in self._config_data.nodes:
      raise errors.ConfigurationError("Unknown node '%s'" % node_name)

    del self._config_data.nodes[node_name]
    self._config_data.cluster.serial_no += 1
    self._WriteConfig()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def ExpandNodeName(self, short_name):
    """Attempt to expand an incomplete instance name.

    """
    return utils.MatchNameComponent(short_name,
                                    self._config_data.nodes.keys(),
                                    case_sensitive=False)

  def _UnlockedGetNodeInfo(self, node_name):
    """Get the configuration of a node, as stored in the config.

    This function is for internal use, when the config lock is already
    held.

    @param node_name: the node name, e.g. I{node1.example.com}

    @rtype: L{objects.Node}
    @return: the node object

    """
    if node_name not in self._config_data.nodes:
      return None

    return self._config_data.nodes[node_name]

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetNodeInfo(self, node_name):
    """Get the configuration of a node, as stored in the config.

    This is just a locked wrapper over L{_UnlockedGetNodeInfo}.

    @param node_name: the node name, e.g. I{node1.example.com}

    @rtype: L{objects.Node}
    @return: the node object

    """
    return self._UnlockedGetNodeInfo(node_name)

  def _UnlockedGetNodeList(self):
    """Return the list of nodes which are in the configuration.

    This function is for internal use, when the config lock is already
    held.

    @rtype: list

    """
    return self._config_data.nodes.keys()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetNodeList(self):
    """Return the list of nodes which are in the configuration.

    """
    return self._UnlockedGetNodeList()

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetOnlineNodeList(self):
    """Return the list of nodes which are online.

    """
    all_nodes = [self._UnlockedGetNodeInfo(node)
                 for node in self._UnlockedGetNodeList()]
    return [node.name for node in all_nodes if not node.offline]

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetAllNodesInfo(self):
    """Get the configuration of all nodes.

    @rtype: dict
    @return: dict of (node, node_info), where node_info is what
              would GetNodeInfo return for the node

    """
    my_dict = dict([(node, self._UnlockedGetNodeInfo(node))
                    for node in self._UnlockedGetNodeList()])
    return my_dict

  def _UnlockedGetMasterCandidateStats(self, exceptions=None):
    """Get the number of current and maximum desired and possible candidates.

    @type exceptions: list
    @param exceptions: if passed, list of nodes that should be ignored
    @rtype: tuple
    @return: tuple of (current, desired and possible, possible)

    """
    mc_now = mc_should = mc_max = 0
    for node in self._config_data.nodes.values():
      if exceptions and node.name in exceptions:
        continue
      if not (node.offline or node.drained):
        mc_max += 1
      if node.master_candidate:
        mc_now += 1
    mc_should = min(mc_max, self._config_data.cluster.candidate_pool_size)
    return (mc_now, mc_should, mc_max)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock, shared=1)
  def GetMasterCandidateStats(self, exceptions=None):
    """Get the number of current and maximum possible candidates.

    This is just a wrapper over L{_UnlockedGetMasterCandidateStats}.

    @type exceptions: list
    @param exceptions: if passed, list of nodes that should be ignored
    @rtype: tuple
    @return: tuple of (current, max)

    """
    return self._UnlockedGetMasterCandidateStats(exceptions)

  @locking.ssynchronized(_config_lock)
  def MaintainCandidatePool(self, exceptions):
    """Try to grow the candidate pool to the desired size.

    @type exceptions: list
    @param exceptions: if passed, list of nodes that should be ignored
    @rtype: list
    @return: list with the adjusted nodes (L{objects.Node} instances)

    """
    mc_now, mc_max, _ = self._UnlockedGetMasterCandidateStats(exceptions)
    mod_list = []
    if mc_now < mc_max:
      node_list = self._config_data.nodes.keys()
      random.shuffle(node_list)
      for name in node_list:
        if mc_now >= mc_max:
          break
        node = self._config_data.nodes[name]
        if (node.master_candidate or node.offline or node.drained or
            node.name in exceptions):
          continue
        mod_list.append(node)
        node.master_candidate = True
        node.serial_no += 1
        mc_now += 1
      if mc_now != mc_max:
        # this should not happen
        logging.warning("Warning: MaintainCandidatePool didn't manage to"
                        " fill the candidate pool (%d/%d)", mc_now, mc_max)
      if mod_list:
        self._config_data.cluster.serial_no += 1
        self._WriteConfig()

    return mod_list

  def _BumpSerialNo(self):
    """Bump up the serial number of the config.

    """
    self._config_data.serial_no += 1
    self._config_data.mtime = time.time()

  def _AllUUIDObjects(self):
    """Returns all objects with uuid attributes.

    """
    return (self._config_data.instances.values() +
            self._config_data.nodes.values() +
            [self._config_data.cluster])

  def _OpenConfig(self):
    """Read the config data from disk.

    """
    raw_data = utils.ReadFile(self._cfg_file)